Frontend development focuses on creating the visual and interactive parts of websites that users directly interact with. The three core technologies are HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, each playing a distinct role in building modern web applications.

HTML (HyperText Markup Language): provides the structure of a webpage using semantic elements such as headings, paragraphs, forms, and inputs. Proper use of HTML improves accessibility and SEO.

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): controls the presentation and layout of web pages. It includes concepts like selectors, the box model, and layout techniques such as floats, flexbox, and CSS grid, which help create responsive and visually appealing designs.

JavaScript: adds interactivity and dynamic behavior to websites. It allows developers to manipulate the DOM (Document Object Model), handle events, and use modern features like ES6 syntax to write cleaner and more efficient code.

Frontend development also includes client-side interactivity, where JavaScript communicates with servers asynchronously using technologies like AJAX and JSON, enabling dynamic content updates without reloading the page.